Methylation

Histone methylation is the modification of certain amino acids in a histone protein by the addition of one, two, or three methyl groups. This modification alters the properties of the nucleosome and affects its interactions with other proteins. Histone methylation is generally associated with transcriptional repression.

Variant

Site of modification

HMTs

Role

HDMTs

H1.4

K25

-

-

-

Macro H2A.1

K17

-

-

-

H2B

K108

-

-

-

H2B,H2B1C/E/F/G/I,

H2B1D,H2B1H,H2B1J,

H2B1L,H2B1N,H2B1O,

H2B2E,H2B3B

K46

-

-

-

K57

-

-

-

H3.1,H3.2,H3.3

K4me1

SETD9 ,

SET1A/1B,

Sc/SpSET1,ALR

Gene activation

LSD1/BHC110

R8me2

PRMT5 

Gene repression/activation.

-

K9 me1, me2, me3

SUV39H1,

SUV39H2,

Eu-HMTase1,

ESET/SETDB1,

E(z)/EZH2 , G9a,

SpClr4, RIZ1

Gene repression,

Imprinting

JMJD2A ,JMJD2C

R17me2

CARM1 

Gene activation

-

K18me1

-

-

-

K23me1

-

-

-

K27me1, me2,me3

E(z)/EZH2,  G9a

Gene repression

-

K36me, me2,me3

HYPB/SETD2,

NSD1,

SYMD2

Gene activation, DNA repair

JMJD1a/1b,JMJD2A/3A

JMJD2C,GASC1

K37me1

-

-

-

K56me1me2

-

-

-

K64me1

-

-

-

K79me1, me2

DOT1/DOT11

Repress transcription   and DNA double stranded break response.

-

K122me1

-

-

-

H4

K20me1, me2

Set7/9,

Set8,

SUV420H2,

SUV420H1

Repressor

-
 

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